|
Mariam () Yahia Ibrahim Ishag or Maryam Yaḥyā Ibrahīm Isḥaq (مريم يحيى إبراهيم إسحق, born 3 November 1987 in Al Qadarif state, Sudan)〔("La Soudanaise Meriam Ishag toujours interrogée par la police" ), Agence France Presse, 25 June 2014〕 is a Sudanese woman first sentenced to death because of her Christian faith and then released. Meriam Ibrahim was arrested during her second pregnancy and gave birth to a girl in prison on 27 May 2014.〔(Sudanese woman facing death for apostasy gives birth ), BBC, 27 May 2014〕 Mariam Ibrahim's case is part of a wider problem of persecution of Christians in Sudan.〔(Christians face 'growing harassment' in post-breakup Sudan )〕 Meriam Ibrahim was born to a Muslim father, who left her Ethiopian Orthodox mother to raise her from early childhood. She was raised in her mother's faith and married a Christian man; the marriage certificate has been published.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sudan apostasy case: Meriam Ibrahim's marriage certificate shown to disprove adultery charges )〕 Meriam Ibrahim was reportedly turned in to the authorities by one of her relatives, who claimed Mariam was committing adultery by marrying Daniel Wani, a Christian. She was sentenced to death on 15 May 2014, for allegedly committing apostasy from Islam, meaning that she was accused of changing religion from Islam to a different (or no) religion. Although Meriam Ibrahim said she has always been a Christian, the prosecution claimed she should have followed the faith of her absent father, and demanded, with the support of the judge, that she abandon her Christian faith, and assent to belief in her father's faith, Islam. She was given three days to convert, but refused, arguing that she had been a Christian all her life, and could not rescind or alter her genuine personal faith at the request of a court. Her husband, Daniel Wani, appealed the sentence on both of their behalfs. On 24 June 2014 Meriam Ibrahim was released on the order of a Sudanese appeal court. The following day, as she and her family were to board a plane to the United States, she and her family were arrested and taken from the airport to Khartoum for questioning following a tip-off to the police by her half brother.〔Alexander, Harriet (25 June 2014) (Meriam Ibrahim was 'kidnapped' and I went to police before she boarded flight to America, her brother says ) The Telegraph, Retrieved 27 June 2014〕 The US Ambassador was summoned in protest at the granting of an exit visa, described by the Sudanese Foreign Ministry as 'a criminal violation'. Meriam Ibrahim was freed again on 26 June 2014 and took refuge in the United States embassy with her family.〔(Meriam Ibrahim: Sudan 'apostasy' woman freed again )〕 After extensive negotiations〔(US-Sudan Negotiating Over Fate of Mariam Ibrahim )〕 to enable her to leave Sudan, Meriam Ibrahim arrived in Rome on 24 July 2014 on an Italian government plane.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-28460383 )〕 ==Background== Because Islamic law does not allow marriages between Muslim women and non-Muslim men, her marriage to a Christian man was considered void by the court, based on its belief that she should not have been raised as a Christian, or chosen that faith. Therefore, the court argued that, although a lifelong Christian, she should notionally be treated as a Muslim, and that the marriage to the Christian man was not valid. She was therefore also sentenced to receive 100 lashes for adultery, in spite of the sexual relations having been only with her husband, with the flogging to be administered some time in advance of being hanged. Moreover, her 20-month-old son was also imprisoned, and was initially denied all contact with his father, who would never have been permitted to raise him.〔 Three of his four grandparents – both his paternal grandparents, and his maternal grandmother – were Christian from birth, as were his parents – but the authorities have stated that as the absentee maternal grandfather that he never met was a Muslim, he therefore could not legally be raised by his Christian father. In response, Meriam Ibrahim said that she has always been a Christian and never committed apostasy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sudanese woman may face death for choosing Christianity over Islam )〕 Her half brother, Al Samani Al Hadi Mohamed Abdullah, admitted he had instigated the charges against her and maintained she should be executed.〔Weber, Katherine (5 June 2014) (Sudanese Mother Meriam Ibrahim 'Should Be Executed' for Christian Faith, Brother Says ) The Christian Post, Retrieved 25 June 2014〕 Meriam Ibrahim's husband and her lawyers have alleged that her half brother and half sister had turned her in because they wanted to take over Meriam's successful businesses, which included a hair salon, agricultural land and a general convenience store in a shopping mall.〔Starkey, Jerome (25 June 2014) (Meriam rearrested as she tries to leave Sudan ) The Times, (may need a subscription) retrieved 25 June 2014〕〔Jones, Leigh and Derrick, J.C. (24 June 2014) (Meriam Ibrahim detained trying to leave Sudan ) World magazine, Retrieved 25 June 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mariam Yahia Ibrahim Ishag」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|